Using granular computing to measure the similarity of sustainable development in China: Addressing goals 1, 3, 8, 10 and 15 of the SDGs

There are regional imbalances in the construction of sustainable development in China, and a framework needs to be proposed to measure it. In this study, a similarity measurement framework based on granular computing is prosed to measure the imbalances of China’s provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) oriented to goals 1, 3, 8, 10, and 15 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).